Resumo de Deuteronomy

DEUTERONOMY

The
Hebrew name of this fifth book of the Pentateuch is Deva·rim´
(Words), drawn from the opening phrase in the Hebrew text. The name
?Deuteronomy? comes from the Septuagint
Greek title Deu·te·ro·no´mi·on,
literally meaning ?Second Law; Repetition of the Law.? This comes
from the Greek rendering of a Hebrew phrase in Deuteronomy 17:18,
mish·neh´
hat·toh·rah´,
correctly rendered ?copy of the law.?

The authenticity of
Deuteronomy as a book of the Bible canon and the writership of Moses
are well established by the fact that Deuteronomy has always been
considered by the Jews as a part of the Law of Moses. The evidence
for the authenticity of Deuteronomy is, in general, the same as that
for the other four books of the Pentateuch. (See PENTATEUCH; also
books under individual names.) Jesus is the foremost authority for
the authenticity of Deuteronomy, quoting from it three times in
turning away the temptations of Satan the Devil. (Mt 4:1-11; De 6:13,
16; 8:3) Also, Jesus answered the question as to what was the
greatest and first commandment by quoting from Deuteronomy 6:5. (Mr
12:30) And Paul quotes from Deuteronomy 30:12-14; 32:35, 36.?Ro
10:6-8; Heb 10:30.

The time covered by the
book of Deuteronomy is somewhat over two months in the year 1473
B.C.E. It was written on the Plains of Moab and consists of four
discourses, a song, and a blessing by Moses as Israel camped on
Canaan?s borders prior to entering the land.?De 1:3; Jos 1:11;
4:19.

Discourses
explaining portions of the Law and exhorting Israel to love and obey
Jehovah in the land that they were about to enter
Written
by Moses just before Israel entered the Promised Land in 1473 B.C.E.
Exhortation
to remember
what Jehovah
has done
and to
serve only
him (1:1?4:49)
Moses
recalls the sending out of spies, the faithless and rebellious
response to their report, Jehovah?s oath that that generation would
die in the wilderness
Israel
was not to molest the sons of Esau (descended from Jacob?s brother)
or Moab and Ammon (offspring of Abraham?s nephew Lot); but Jehovah
gave Israel the land held by Amorite Kings Sihon and Og, E of the
Jordan
Moses
begs Jehovah to let him cross the Jordan; instead, Jehovah tells him
to commission and strengthen Joshua to lead the nation
Moses
reminds nation of Jehovah?s burning anger regarding Baal of Peor;
must not forget what they witnessed in Horeb, never make a carved
image for worship; Jehovah, the only true God, exacts exclusive
devotion

Admonition
to love
Jehovah and
to obey
all of
his commandments
(5:1?26:19)
Moses
recounts giving of the Law at Horeb, restates the Ten Words, urges
Israel to do just as Jehovah commanded
Must
love Jehovah with all one?s heart, soul, and vital force; God?s
commands to be kept constantly before them; should explain to their
sons the reason for Jehovah?s regulations
Seven
nations to be destroyed out of the land, along with their altars and
images; no marriage alliances with them
Should
not forget how God dealt with them in the wilderness so as to make
them know that man lives not by bread alone but by every expression
of Jehovah?s mouth
Must
remember how they provoked Jehovah by making molten calf; now should
fear, serve, and cling to him; keep the whole commandment
Regulations
to be obeyed in Promised Land: Wipe out false religion of Canaan;
worship at the place that Jehovah chooses; do not eat blood; put
apostates to death; eat clean food; give tenth of produce to Jehovah;
show consideration for the poor; keep annual festivals; pursue
justice; shun spiritism; listen to the one Jehovah raises up as
prophet; respect boundary marks; keep land clean from bloodguilt;
show compassion; keep clean from sexual immorality; give the
firstfruits of the land to Jehovah; prove holy to Jehovah
Blessings
for obeying
Jehovah, curses
for disobedience
(27:1?28:68)
After
nation crosses the Jordan, the Law is to be written on great stones
Cursings
for disobedience to be pronounced on Mount Ebal
Blessings
for obedience to all of Jehovah?s commands to be pronounced on
Mount Gerizim
Covenant
made on
Plains of
Moab (29:1?30:20)
Recounts
Jehovah?s care in Egypt and during Israel?s 40 years in the
wilderness; warns against stubborn disobedience
Foretells
Jehovah?s mercy for those repenting
Sets
before them choice between life and death; urges them to choose life
by loving Jehovah, listening to his voice, and sticking to him
Transfer
of leadership
to Joshua,
and Moses?
final blessings
(31:1?34:12)
Joshua
is commissioned to lead Israel. Moses teaches Israel a song that will
be a witness against them when they forsake Jehovah. Moses blesses
the tribes of Israel, then he dies on Mount Nebo.

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