Resumo de Social Contract - Rousseau: Jean Jacques

In the warning which precedes the first book by the social Contract, Rousseau presents its treaty as an extract of a work more significant than it had undertaken to write a long time before. In 1751, Rousseau indeed undertakes to write the political Institutions, but it stops its work to be devoted to the composition of the Héloise news. The political Institutions were to include/understand two moments, the treating first of the principles of the political right and the second of the relations between the people. Rousseau preserves the first and thus in 1762 pennies the title of social Contract publishes it, on the other hand it destroys the second who, fault of being completed, does not appear worthy to him to be introduced. For including/understanding the social Contract well, it is necessary to remember that Rousseau observes and condemns, to traveers its two speeches (in 1750 and 1754), the corruption of the companies established compared to the original state of humanity such as it makes an effort hypothetically or intellectually to represent it. However it is well starting from this reports critical which the first book of the Contract begins: "the man was born free, and everywhere it is in irons". In other words, is at the same time announced and denounced, in a concise and peremptory way, an irreducible difference between the natural condition of the man (freedom) and his effective condition (constraint). With through such a report, whose significance and range will have to be precisely questioned, Rousseau still states the reason for its company or if one wants the intention which animates all the drafting of the social Contract: - On the one hand, it will endeavour to know what justifies this historical passage of freedom to the constraint. For as much, its step is of nothing historiene; quite to the contrary, it is presented explicitly as being philosophical, on a side, by seeking the bases of the political authority (ontological point of view) such as they could make it possible to establish a capacity likely to support the control even of the man, and another side while wondering about the legitimacy of this political authority (ethical point of view). - in addition, Rousseau will try to build a model juridico-policy which would make at the same time possible and legitimates the institution and the exercise of a legal authority, which one will wonder at the same time about the statute, on the significance and the range.

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