Lord Of The Flies
(Golding)
The novel functions throughout on a symbolic level. The boys, in their variety of personalities, symbolize mankind as a whole. Ralph is the symbol of rational, but fallible, mankind. He tries to establish an orderly society, based on rules, authority, and knowledge; but he struggles against the forces of evil (The Lord of the Flies) throughout the book. Jack, his counterpart, is the symbol of emotion and savagery. He lives for the hunt, rules as a dictator, and is guided by evil purpose.
Unfortunately, he knows the base level of human beings and successfully appeals to it through hunting, dancing, and fear. Each boy has a close follower. Ralph has Piggy, who is an intellectual and a true, wise friend; he is destroyed by the evil hunters. Jack has Roger, who in his sadistic nature has the power to destroy and he kills Piggy. Simon occupies a central position in the symbolic scheme, for he represents truth, vision, and moral understanding. Unfortunately, he is quiet and shy and has difficulty speaking out. When he does try to tell the savages the truth about the beast, they refuse to listen and literally tear him apart, as if to blot out his message.
The novel functions as a study of mankind's basic nature, and the picture that is painted by Golding is very negative. When children, as symbols of mankind, are away from authority (adults) and without any checks (laws and policemen), they revert to primitive behavior. They evolve their own undemocratic rules and savage behavior; they even create their own god, The Lord of the Flies. Golding provides valuable lessons about basic human behavior through the group of the children.
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