Some Basic Concepts Of Chemistry
(KAUSHAL SINGH)
Pure substances can be further classified into elements and compunds. An element consists of only one type of particles. These particles may be atoms or molecules. Sodium, copper, silver, hydrogen, oxygen etc. are some examples of elements. They all contain atoms of one type. However, the atoms of different elements are different in nature. Some elements such as sodium or copper, contain single atoms held together as their constituent particles whereas in some others, two or more atoms combine to give molecules of the element. Thus, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen gases consist of molecules in which two atoms combine to give their respective molecules.
When two or more atoms of different elements combine, the molecule of a compound is obtained. The examles of some compound are water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, sugar etc.
Water molecule comprises two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Similarly, a molecule of carbon dioxide contains two oxygen atoms combined with one carbon atom. Thus, the atom of different elements are presenti n a compound in a fixed and definite ratio and this ratio is characteristic of a particular compound.
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