Resumo de The Applied Rationalism

This is plus one of those books whose value cannot be measured by the popularity that reached to the time where it was published. It is treated, in unequivocal way of an important classic workmanship, in which plus some them preconceptions and ideas little questioned, still chew thus meet gifts of almost unanimous form in sciences (accurate and human beings) are collated in coherent and deep way. This is a book in which Gaston Bachelard indicates the way according to which the Rationalism in its permanent dialogue with the Empirismo comes to constitute estruturade apprehension and of criaçãodo scientific knowledge. The author looks for, throughout its book to show to the interdependence of these two ways to think, which would be spread by all Science, Bachelard demonstrates that the human knowledge possesss two polar regions (the Idealismo and the Realism), and that no activity if only fixes in one of these polar regions. The half way of on polos to these ways of thought (called for it epistemológicos vectors) if points out the activity human being, which possesss two distinct moments: the Materialism Technician (moment where one given technique is become concrete by the spirit humanoe starts to have action on the reality. For example: after to think about a form to become visible the scales of measure of temperature, the human spirit could plan and to construct one technique of on measurement to a specific device for this, called thermometer) and the Applied Rationalism (moment where, from the concrete experience, the human spirit starts to elaborate a rational activity that allows to give it I try the new techniques. For example: the occured changes in the substance from the relations between material data and sources of bigger heat and minor heat allowed the human spirit to think about a necessary form to measure these variations of heat, as well as the existing heat in the proper bodies, and this would give tries to the creation of a scale of measure of temperature). According to author, these stages of Materialism Technician and Applied Rationalism are mental movements that, instead of following a linear order possess alternation moments, explaining from there the reason of the strait enlace between Idealismo and Realismo in the scope of the scientific activity (especially in Accurate Sciences). From this premise, the author affirms to be possible then to attribute to a realistic character to the rationalism (in the measure where the ideas, concepts and abstractions have the force and the appearance of concrete beings for the racionalista thought) and an idealistic character to the empirismo (in the measure where, from the perceptions and of the instruments, the empirista infers general laws and concepts that would be extensible all and any in case that pertinent to its object of study in the same conditions), had the way as these if they respectively relate with the instance empiricist and the plan of the ideas. On the basis of this conjugated effort of philosophical reflection and scientific argument, Bachelard if dedicates to the study of the Rationalism Applied, instance according to it, vital for the achievement of any relative plan to an innovation in the fields of Science and the Philosophy, looking for to detail this activity of the human spirit through the study of the binômios citizen-object, amount-quality, and, by means of the study of the regional rationalisms (created expression to mention to the appropriation of the Rationalism made for the some fields of the knowledge human being). These are some of the many contributions brought for this book of Gaston Bachelard, which can itself be said that éde possefundamental for the library of all those that they desire to acquire a deep and important knowledge on the Science, as well as for that they desire to improve its capacities of apprehension of the reality, and the quality of its instruments theoretician-metodológicos.

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