Resumo de Effect Of Stress On Eating Habits

Eating disorders profoundly impact an individual?s quality of life. Self ?image, relationships, physical well-being and day-to-day living are often adversely affected. Eating disorders are also often associated with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders. Bulimia nervosa maybe particularly associated with substance abuse problems. Anorexia nervosa is often associated with Obsessive-compulsive symptoms.The causes to develop eating disorders are :Psychological factors:Low self-esteem Tendencies to be perfectionist and setting rigid standards Depression, anxiety, anger, emptiness or loneliness. Feeling of lack of control in life or feeling of inadequacy.Socio cultural factors: Cultural pressures that give importance to external appearance and they consider slim people as beautiful.Media also encourages becoming slim and tempting the people to take unhealthy diet food to loose weight rapidly.Inter personal factors:Difficulty in expressing one?s feelings and emotions.Family disharmony and troubled interpersonal relationships.A history of being neglected based on size and weight.A history of sexual and /or physical abuse.Family factors such as obesity in the family, parental preoccupation with eating and weight, unrealistic expectations for achievement. Biological and Biochemical factors; It has been found that some eating disorder sufferers have imbalances in certain chemicals in the brain that control hunger, appetite, and digestion. The most common eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia and compulsive over eating. But other disorders also exist, For example some people severely restrict the range of food they eat or several children have a psychological fear of food. According to researchers of the Institute of psychological sciences, in the university of Leeds , Persons who are experiencing one or more hassles are consuming less than their usual main meals but they are consuming more between meal snacks than usual. women are consuming high fat and sugar snacks. Both men and women are consuming fewer vegetables. The researchers found that ego threatening, interpersonal and work related hassles lead people to snack more. In contrast physical stressors lead people to snack less. They also found that Individuals who are high on restraints Emotional eaters, External eaters the obese and females are more prone to snack due to daily hassles.Stress- induced snacking seems to affect females much more than males In a high stress situation, such as exam-preparation period, researchers believe that female students will eat sugar and fettering snacks significantly more frequently than male students. According to an article published in stress and health, the journal of the international society for the investigation of stress, perfectionist?s preferences shift to high calorie foods when they are stressed. The U.K. study found that females prefer food high in sugar and fat including chocolate and cream while males prefer high fat, high-fiber, and low-quality foods such as potato chips and French fees. According to Jeff Beyer in the counseling and psychological services, students under stress will go for the first thing that is available to them. July L. Silberg and Cynthia M.Bulik made investigation on the developmental association between eating disorders and symptoms of depression and anxiety in Juvenile twin girls. They suggested that some people are genetically prone to develop symptoms of over anxiety, separation anxiety, depression, and eating disorders. They suggested that environment is also having an influence on later adolescent eating problems. Clinical studies found that there is a correlation between anxiety disorders in women and anorexia nervosa < Braun etal., 1994, Bulk, Sullivan, Fear, and Joyce, 1997,Deep Nagy, Weltzin, Rao . Kaye,1995, Halmietal,1991, Kaye, 2004>Over half of women with AN report the life time presence of an anxiety disorder most commonly Over anxious disorder , Obsessive Compulsive disorder, and Social phobia. In most cases, the onset of anxiety disorders precedes the onset of Anorexia nervosa. The presence of AN significantly increased the risk of also suffering from anxiety disorder < Walters and Kendler, 1995> . Similarly, women with Bulimia nervosa in both clinic and community samples are having a history of one or more anxiety disorder Early onset of anxiety disorders may represent an etiological risk factor for BN as well < Bulik etal., 1996 , Kaye et al.,> Clinical studies of women with AN suggests that 20 to 80% of individuals report at least one episode of lifetime major depression < Halmi etal.,1991 Herzog, Keller, Sa cks, Yeh, and Lavori,1992>. Clinical samples of women with BN have routinely reported high prevalence?s of life time co morbid mood disorders . Dissociation has been shown to be a feature of bulimic disorders possibly acting as a mediator of the link between trauma and bulimic symptoms . Judith A.Perry and BAS Verplanken Astid .G. Herabadi, studied on the relationship between an impulsive consumer style and unhealthy eating. They found that impulsive buying tendency was strongly associated with snacking habit, which in turn was related to eating disturbance. Impulsive buying is driven by feelings of low self-esteem .

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