Resumo de Something About India

SOMETHING ABOUT INDIA INDIA - ORIGIN The people now living in India are the descendants of the oldest people who inhabited India. The oldest inhanbitants are still in some parts of India. The sandals in Rajasthan, Todas, the Irulars and Kurumbars in Tamil Nadu are the oldest inhabitants. The Dravidians were the oldest inhabitants of India. They were more cultured than the Sandals and Todas. They occupied the southern states of India. They had black eyes and strong body. Then, the Aryans came from Central Asia and settled in the Indo-Gangetic plains, they used horses. They worshipped nature and gods like INIDIRA, VARUNA and AGNI. The collection of songs in prise of the gods are known as Vedas. The word Veda means sacred knowledge. The RAMAYANA written by VALMIKI and the MAHABHARATHA written by VYASA explain the Vedic truths in the form of stories. From these books, we know about the manners, customs and ways of thinking and living of our ancestors. The Dravidians lived in villages at first. Then, they went to the cities. They used bricks to build their houses. There was no caste in the Dravidian Society. The king was the head of the society. They had armies with weapons like bow, arrow, sword and spear. Their occupation was cultivation. They knew weaving, making ornaments, pottery and carpentry. They knew how to build boats and ships. They worshipped Siva, Sakthi, trees and snakes. They built temples and idols. They buried the dead. India had trade relations with western countries. India exported Dacca muslin, precious stones, pepper, silver, gold, pearls, spices and diamonds. The people from Greece, Arabia and China had trade relationship with India. They came to India through the Kyber and Bolan passes of Himalayas.CULTURES OF INDIA The sculptures of the defferent parts of temples, historical places, languages and, lditeratures show the Indian culture. Our ancient kings loved art and architecture. The employed many skilled sculptors to cut figures and shapes in the temples. Their artistic work shown Indian culture. King Asoka inscribed the code of virtues on rock pillars at Saranath. The Pallava King Mahendravarma has built many rock cut temples at Mahendravadi. His son Narasimha Varma built the port of Mamallapuram. In Mamallapuram we see many beautiful RATHAS cut out of rocks. The Chola King, RAJA RAJA CHOLA built the famous BRAHADEESWARA temple in Tanjore. The Muslim Kings too loved art and architecture. QUTUBMINAR at Delhi is an example. The Mughal King Shajahan built TAJ MAHAL in memory of his wife. The Dravidians spoke Tamil, Telugu, Kanada, Malayalam and Tulu. Tamil poets composed many poems. THIRUVALLUVAR composed THIRUKKURAL. The paintings of Ajantha, Ellora and Sithannavasal show the skill of painting of the olden times. Hindus and Jains have built temples. Thus, we come to know of Indian culture.TRADITION India is a secular state. The secular state is one in which the people can follow any religion they like. There is no differences shown in religion. The Hindus worship the gods of the Aryans. Some began to hate Hinduism because there are too many ceremonies and animal sacrifices. So, Buddhism and Jainisms were started. The Buddhism teaches that desire is the cause of all evils. To get rid of desire the people should follow the eight fold path. King Asoka and Kanishka followed Buddhism. Jainism preaches the truth that should be followed. True knowledge and true deeds will bring God's blessings. Then, sprang many 'Bakthi' movements. When British began to rule in India, St. Thomas spread Christianity in India. Soon the western language and customs began to spread in India. The Indian leaders mastered in English and became great.MUSIC, DANCE, SONGS, HANDICRAFTS, FESTIVALS AND RECREATION classical music and dance are greatly loved by Indians. Indians are religious people. They ling their worship to music and dance. The temples are the places where they have musical and dance performances. They hear and watch songs adances by the great musicians and dancers. King Chandra Gupta was a great musician. Akbar was a great lover of music. He had a great musician called TANSEN in his court. The people like instrumental music too. The common musical are harmonium, piano, thampoora, tabela and drum. The folk songs are handed down to the people by tradition. Even now the tribals sing the fold songs. They also practice folk dances. They perform dance during their worship. Dances of India have their origin in Vedic period. They danced during their worship. There are different kinds of dances. The Bharatha Natyam is popular in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Predesh. Kathakali is very popular in Kerala. Manipuri in very popular in Assam. Kathak is perfromed in North India. Kuchipudi is also performed in Tamil Nadu and Ottan Thulai is performed in Kerala. These dances show the culture of the people in different places. The people practised handicrafts, which show their traditional skills. They earn through their handicrafts. The simple handicrafts are making threads. Weaving baskets, making pots, gold smithy, black smithy, masonry work and carpentry. They show their early tradition. Thus ancient tradition and culture of India is preserved even today.

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