The Development Of The Infant And Young Child/emotional Deprivation
(Ronald S. Illingworth)
For an interesting insight into the grossest possible emotional deprivation ,and lack of stimulation, the book by Jean Itard is of greatest interest. It discusses the authenticity of stories of 53 children brought up by animals and describes in detail three examples for which evidence seemed convincing-Kasper of Nuremberg , Kamala of Midnapore and Victor of Averyron.All children ,when found ,walked on all fours ,were all mute and all had gross defects in spatial appreciation.The rehabilitation of Victor ,enabling him to eat in a restaurent is fascinating and gripping psychological study.
Emotional Deprivation retards children physically and mentally.Children need love throughout their childhood ,but deprivation of love in their frst 3 years may have a profound effect. Children brought up in an institution are likely to be retarded in sitting ,walking, sphincter control and in speech. In later childhood they may display aggressiveness,selfishness, excessive thumbsuckingor other body manipulations and defective verbal reasoning.Recent work has indicated that progressive retardation may be arrested or reversed if there is no further emotional deprivation after the first 2-3 years.The book by Pavenstedt entitled The Drifters ,a study of slum children ,gives a valuable insight into the effect of a bad home. It describes in detail the superior motor co-ordination of these children ,combined with a lack of caution and self-protective measures ,resulting in frequent accidents from which they failed to learn. An educational study found that it was becoming clear that the educational handicaps of the deprived child derive not so much from he physical factors of poverty ,dirt and squalor, as from the parents attitude towards edacation,towards school and towards teachers?
In recent years determined efforts have been made to reduce the risk of psychological trauma in young children ,especially in those who have been separated from their mothers in their first 3 years.
Children react differently to emotional deprivation and separation from a parent.
The mode of action of emotional deprivation is not clear.
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