The Left Hand Of Darkness
(Ursula Le Guin)
?The Left Hand of Darkness? tells the story of the idealistic Envoy Genly Ai, who has been sent to the planet Gethen to convince the natives to trade with the Ekumen ? a quasi-mystical union of planets. He meets and ultimately befriends Estraven ? councillor to the King of Karhide.Genly?s narration is interspersed with snippets of Estraven?s journal, and with various anthropological and meteorological data collected by the Envoy.The novel explores the theme of sexuality by depicting the Gethenians as androgenous beings, except when in kemmer ? a state of heightened arousal in which the aliens assume a sex and in which mating takes place. The sexless nature and altered behaviour of the Gethenians offers a sharp contrast with our own human physicality and psychology.Present throughout are the themes of balance, and the common Le Guinnean symbol of the shadow.From the novel?s outset Genly is drawn into the political wheelings and dealings of the Karhiders as they compete for Shifgrethor ? loosely translated as pride, or honour ? with their industrialised neighbouring nation-state, Orgoreyn. When he is discovered to be ceding territory to the Commensality of Orgoreyn ? an act that is perceived as an affront to King Argaven?s shifgrethor ? Estraven is branded a traitor and banished on pain of death. He flees to Orgoreyn in the hope that his real intention ? maintaining peace on Gethen ? can be fulfilled.Meanwhile, Genly visits the enigmatic ?Foretellers? who predict that his mission will be successful. Having had his overtures of intergalactic trade rejected by King Argaven, Genly travels to Orgoreyn, where he finds that Estraven has been working behind the scenes, attempting to convince the Commensality that Genly is a genuine alien bringing opportunities for profit, and not merely an insane sexual freak.However, for reasons of scepticism and political expedience the politicians of Orgoreyn arrest Genly, confiscate his communication device, and send him to a labour camp, where he is alternately interrogated and forced to work in tortuous conditions.On the verge of anonymous death, Genly is rescued by Estraven, and they begin a treacherous journey back to Karhide across glaciers and volcanoes with starvation always a likelihood. On the way, Genly teaches Estraven to communicate using ?mindspeech? and the two become friends, despite their alienness and the awkwardness caused by Estraven?s entry into the kemmer phase. Against the odds they survive the journey to Karhide and Genly manages to communicate with the Ekumen. Estraven, however, is shot and killed at the border whilst attempting to escape back to Orgoreyn. Eventually the emissaries of the Ekumen arrive, bringing the promise of trade and mutual advancement. Genly?s mission is accomplished, but his victory is a hollow one. Seeking solace he returns to the home of his ally and friend, and visits Estraven?s only child, Sorve. The story ends with Sorve?s enthusiastic request that Genly tell him of Estraven?s death.?The Left Hand of Darkness? remains a classic of science fiction, as it weaves complex themes, detailed symbolism and intricate descriptions of Gethenian culture into an intriguing and beautifully written combination of narratives.
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