Resumo de Inglês: Ficha de trabalho sobre "connectores"

Coordinating Conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions link sentences of the same grammar class, adding an idea to the other, expressing contrast, opposition, etc.

1. Join the sentences with the conjunction in brackets:

Addition

a) I called him. He answered. (and)
b) She teaches Biology. She teaches Geography. (not only…but also)
c) My sister went on holiday. I went on holiday. (both…and)
d) She’s very pretty. She’s very intelligent. (and / also)
e) He spoke Chinese very well. He spoke French very well. (as well as)

and - e

not only...but also - não só…mas também
both…and - mas também

also, too - também
as well as - assim como

Contrast

f) I like tea. I don’t like coffee. (but)
g) I like beer. I must not drink too much. (however)
h) He studies very little. He takes good marks. (nevertheless)
i) The car is fast. Many people dislike it. (yet)
j) Hurry up! You won’t catch the bus. (otherwise)

But – mas

However – porém, contudo
Nevertheless – no entanto, contudo
Yet – contudo

Or else , otherwise – de outro modo

Alternative

k) Don’t work so much. You’ll get sick. (or)
l) I didn’t like the book. My mother didn’t like the book. (nor)
m) You can have tea. You can have coffee. (either…or)
n) He’s not lazy. He’s not stupid. (neither…nor)

Or – ou
Nor – nem

Either...or – ou...ou
Neither…nor – nem…nem

Cause

o) It was getting dark. He went indoors. (so)
p) It’s time to go. Let’s go. (then)
q) He’s a good man. Everyone likes him. (therefore)

So – por isso
Then – então, pois

Therefore – portanto, por conseguinte

Subordinating Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunctions link clauses of different nature, establishing that one of the clauses depends on the other to complete its meaning.

Time

2. Link the sentences with the conjunction in brackets:

When – quando
As soon as – logo que
While – enquanto / enquanto que
Until (till) – até que
Since – desde que
Before – antes que
After – depois que
As – quando/ à medida que
Whenever – sempre que

a) He opened the door. He had a surprise. (when)
b) I arrived. The train stopped. (as soon as)
c) I prepared the exams. I was in the hospital. (while)
d) I read the letter. I sent it. (before)
e) The summer approached. The weather got warmer. (as)
f) He greeted me. He saw me. (whenever)

Cause

g) I went there. They wanted me to go. (because)
h) It was getting late. I went away. (as)
i) It was cold. I stayed home. (since)

Because – porque
As – como,visto que
Since – uma vez que

Comparison

j) He runs quickly. I do too. (as…as)
k) I cook well. She cooks better. (than)

As – como
Than – do que

Purpose

l) Pupils study. They pass. (so that)
m) The bus stopped. We got out. (in order that)
n) I got out. I went shopping. (to)
o) I’m on a diet. I want to get thinner. (in order to)

That*
So that* para que/ a fim de que
In order that*

To# para
In order to# a fim de
So as to # de modo a

* followed by modal verb (when the subjects are different)

# followed by infinitive

Result

p) The bag was heavy. I couldn’t carry it. (so…that)
q) I was cold. I put the coat on. (so)
r) It was a lovely day. We went to the beach. (such…that)

So…that – tão…que
Such…that – tal…que
So – então

Concession

s) It was raining hard. We went out. (although)
t) The work was hard. It was very rewarding.

Though, although
In spite of í embora, apesar de
Despite

íFollowed by a noun or by a gerund
eg. In spite of/Despite the rain, they went on.
In spite of/Despite raining, they went on.

Condition

u) I’ll visit Paris. I’ll go to the Eiffel Tower. (if)
v) Sheila will fail her exams. She has to work harder. (unless)

If – se
Unless – a não ser que, a menos que

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