Resumo de AMAZÔNIA VIRA THE PARADISE OF BIOPIRATARIA

AMAZÔNIA VIRA THE PARADISE OF BIOPIRATARIA It is estimated that the world market for drugs, estimated at over 320 billion dollars annually, approximately 40% of medicines come directly or indirectly from natural sources (about 30% of plant origin and 10% of animal origin and microorganisms ). It is estimated, however, that about 25,000 plants are used throughout the world for the production of medicines, including not only those obtained by synthesis from natural products, but also the phytotherapeutic drugs marketed as products. The vast majority of existing plants is found in tropical countries and it is believed that about 55,000 of them occur in Brazil. The humid tropical forest, which covers about 7% of the planet-containing, according to estimates, about 50% of global biodiversity. It is not at random that the Brazilian Amazon is at the center of controversy installed by the practice of biopiracy. The such "tourists" carrying 350 ornamental fish with numerous bottles of fish offal, dehydrated leaves and aquatic species not identified. To Joseph Leland, chief of the Division of Water Resources and Faunísticos of Ibama, the material seized proves the biopiracy. The Germans were collecting material from the day on September 20 in the region of the Purus river. "It was an action need more convincingly because, before, enough to be as with individual foreign institutes Brazilians to search, collect material and send it to where well understand. Now, no. Fearing being tachados of biopirates, they are more cautious " , says Luiz Antonio de Oliveira, 48, researcher holder of the National Institute for Research in Amazonia-ice, natural body of the Ministry of Science and Technology, established in Manaus. He himself took samples of bacteria isolated from the Amazon to the Bank of germplasm of Rizóbio (nitrogen fixing bacteria, which occur in roots of legumes), in Porto Alegre (RS) to complete their master''s dissertation. For that reason, many researchers believe Oliveira sent material so irregular or because there were no restrictions-the Ordinance regulating the taking of data and scientific material in Brazil, by foreigners, is March 14, 1990, or by knowing the legal procedures, where the latest. "There is information that foreign researchers, bound by agreements serious, have acted in bad faith ... It may have been some cases, but in general, the goal is to search," he said. However, he admits that not act the same way today. "The material I sent to Porto Alegre is available to any bank of germplasm in the world, but if you had to send them again, the law would make the forms or simply not send", sentenced Oliveira, who is in Soils PhD from the University of Minnesota , USA. However, he disagrees strongly of the uproar surrounding the "bioparanóia", under the argument that Brazil is losing scientific knowledge. "If, on the part of foreign institutions, the intention of carrying out research and promote the exchange of knowledge, I do not believe in expulsion for fear of accusations of biopiracy," believes Oliveira. Researcher in the area of Botany of the ice, Rogério Gribel, 40, PhD in Development of Plant Systematics from the University of St. Andrews, the UK, hitting the same key. "It is very important that the law on international scientific cooperation and shipment of materials to the outside world is kept, so that people arriving here with visas for tourists and collect material, without any consideration for Brazil," he says. He is one of those who advocate the need for intense scrutiny, but warning that set standards does not mean creating a bureaucracy inappropriate who wish investments serious and vital to the development of science in Brazil. "We can not deny the importance of some agreements with foreign institutions. But we must not allow individuals without commitment to the research in collaboration acting freely, because that wld never be admitted in another country, "he adds. (Jerson Spider).

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