Resumo de Journalism (1)

JournalismFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, searchTopics in Journalism.Professional IssuesEthics & News ValuesObjectivity & AttributionNews Source & Libel LawNews & InvestigationReporting & WritingBusiness & CitizenAlternative & AdvocacySports JournalismScience JournalismJournalism Education & Fourth EstateOther Topics & BooksSocial ImpactInfotainment & Celebrity'Infotainers' & PersonalitiesNews ManagementDistortion & VNRsPR & Propaganda Model'Yellow' JournalismPress freedomNews mediaNewspapers & MagazinesNews AgenciesBroadcast JournalismOnline & BloggingAlternative MediaRolesJournalist, Reporter, Editor, News presenter, Photo Journalist, Columnist, Visual JournalistJournalism is a discipline of collecting, analyzing, verifying, and presenting news regarding current events, trends, issues and people. Those who practice journalism are known as journalists.News-oriented journalism is sometimes described as the "first rough draft of history" (attributed to Phil Graham), because journalists often record important events, producing news articles on short deadlines. While under pressure to be first with their stories, news media organizations usually edit and proofread their reports prior to publication, adhering to each organization's standards of accuracy, quality and style. Many news organizations claim proud traditions of holding government officials and institutions accountable to the public, while media critics have raised questions about holding the press itself accountable.Contents[hide]1 Reporting 1.1 Print journalism 1.2 Broadcast journalism 2 Journalism's Role 3 Professional and ethical standards 3.1 Reporting versus editorializing 3.2 Recognition of excellence in journalism 4 Feature-writing 5 Sports journalism 6 Legal status 6.1 Rights of journalists versus those of private citizens and organizations 6.2 Sources 6.3 Right of access to government information 6.4 Blogging 7 See also 8 External links //[edit]ReportingJournalism has as its main activity the reporting of events ? stating who, what, when, where, why and how, and explaining the significance and effect of events or trends. Journalism exists in a number of media: newspapers, television, radio, magazines and, most recently, the World Wide Web through the Internet.The subject matter of journalism can be anything and everything, and journalists report and write on a wide variety of subjects: politics on the international, national, provincial and local levels, economics and business on the same four levels, health and medicine, education, sports, hobbies and recreation, lifestyles, clothing, food, pets, sex and relationships.... Journalists can report for general interest news outlets like newspapers, news magazines and broadcast sources; general circulation specialty publications like trade and hobby magazines, or for news publications and outlets with a select group of subscribers.Journalists are usually expected and required to go out to the scene of a story to gather information for their reports, and often may compose their reports in the field. They also use the telephone, the computer and the internet to gather information. However, more often those reports are written, and are almost always edited, in the newsroom, the office space where journalists and editors work together to prepare news content.Journalists, especially if they cover a specific subject or area (a "beat") are expected to cultivate sources, people in the subject or area, that they can communicate with, either to explain the details of a story, or to provide leads to other subjects of stories yet to be reported. They are also expected to develop their investigative skills to better research and report stories.[edit]Print journalismFor more information about writing a news story, see News style Print journalism can be split into several categories: newspapers, news magazines, general interest magazines, magazines, hobby magazines, newsletters, private publications, online news pages and others. Each genre can have its own requirements for researching and writing reports.For example, newspaper journalists in the United States have traditionally written reports using the inverted pyramid style, although this style is used more for straight or hard news reports rather than features. Written hard news reports are expected to be spare in the use of words, and to list the most important information first, so that, if the story must be cut because there is not enough space for it, the least important facts will be automatically cut from the bottom. Editors usually ensure that reports are written as tightly as possible. Feature stories are usually written in a looser style that usually depends on the subject matter of the report, and in general granted more space (see Feature-writing below).News magazine and general interest magazine articles are usually written in a different style, with less emphasis on the inverted pyramid. Trade publications can be more news-oriented, while hobby publications can be more feature-oriented.[edit]Broadcast journalismFor more information about radio and television journalism, see News broadcasting Radio journalists must gather facts and present them fairly and accurately, but also must find and record relevant and interesting sounds to add to their reports, both interviews with people involved in the story and background sounds tha help characterize the story. Radio reporters may also write the introduction to the story read by a radio news anchor, and may also answers questions live from the anchor.Television journalists rely on visual information to illustrate and characterize their reporting, including on-camera interviews with people involved in the story, shots of the scene where the story took place, and graphics usually produced at the station to help frame the story. Like radio repoters, television reporters also may write the introductory script that a television news anchor would read to set up their story. Both radio and television journalists usually do not have as much "space" to present information in their reports as print journalists

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