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A Brief History Of Time
(STEPHEN HAWKING)

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This book by the well known scientist, Stephen Hawking, is written for the layman as an answer to some basic questions about the universe, its origin if it had one, its end if there can be an end, the question of space and time, the big bang, big crunch and the black hole.

For the devout Christian there is the Book of Genesis. For the generation reared by Einstein, his teachers and his disciples, there is this book ?A Brief History of Time?. The book was published in eighties of the last (20th) century. The author was working then as the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the Cambridge University. There are eleven chapters in the book with an introduction by Carl Sagan. After the conclusion the author has given very brief biographical sketches of Albert Einstein, Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton. This quite handy book of 200 pages is full of scientific facts about cosmology written in a way that you don?t have to be a Physics professor of the first order to comprehend it.

Stephen Hawking discusses the various early theories that tried to give us a picture of the universe. Aristotle, the most encyclopedic mind of his times, thought earth was at the centre of the universe and the celestial bodies were revolving round the earth. Ptolemy gave a complete cosmological model on this basis. It was Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish priest, who gave a different model in which the sun is at the centre and the planets are revolving round the sun. From these path breaking thinkers mankind has come a long way and now even a school boy knows the solar family, our galaxy, (in the observable universe there are million million galaxies) the Milky Way and the vast and boundless universe. Hawking will not be satisfied without a complete theory of the universe even if that won?t alter the course of humanity or save it from extinction though after thousands of millions of years.

For Hawking space and time are inseparable and the force of gravity, one of the four basic forces operating in the universe, has its impact on both. Because of gravitational force space-time is curved or ?warped?. Future discoveries showed that the universe is in fact expanding. The more the distance between celestial bodies, the greater the speed with which they move away from each other. But can the expansion go on for ever? The gravitational force of bodies will ultimately stop the expansion and the universe will start collapsing. It started with a big bang when the universe was of ?zero size? and ?infinitely hot?. But as it expanded the temperature of the radiation decreased. The author explains the process of formation of atoms when temperature fell to few thousand degrees and traces the development till the evolution of those beings that ask the question about the universe, i.e., the mankind.

According to Hawking the beginning of time and of course our space is the big bang.
Perhaps the most fascinating chapter in the book is the chapter on black hole. A very big mountain?s mass puts itself into the black hole which is smaller than the nucleus of an atom. The great mass of the black hole gives great gravitation force to it that even the light rays can not escape beyond the ?event horizon?, the border of the black hole and anything that comes near it unwittingly gets itself sucked inside.

In conclusion, Hawking says that a day will come when all men , not just few scientists, will know answers to the great questions of the universe and our existence and he even thinks the mind of God will be known then, which, he considers as the ultimate triumph of human reason.

SATHYA



Resumos Relacionados


- A Brief History Of Time

- Black Holes

- Begining Of The Universe

- A Brief History Of Time

- Dark Side Of The Universe



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