Resumo de Importance Of Diversification Of Investment Portfolio

Importance of diversification.
Diversification helps you protect your investments from market fluctuations. Diversifying means allocating your money to different investments avenues and shields you from price risks. As you pick the best stocks from the hottest sectors, the fluctuation risk of the stock eroding your investment rises correspondingly. Since some stocks in the IT and media sectors are highly volatile, you need to protect your portfolio by investing in some defensive stocks or other industry groups. It would also be wise to diversify your investments into bonds or FDs as these are low risk - fixed income avenues.
The primary objectives of any Portfolio management are

Security of principal amount invested
Stability of income
Capital growth
Liquidity ? nearness to money to take up any new buy opportunities thrown open by the market
Diversification
Diversifying means buying stocks belonging to different industries with very low correlation i.e to find securities that do not have tendencies to increase or decrease in price at the same time.
What you're working towards should be at least five industries for the stock portion of the portfolio with each stock being the best stock, in your opinion, in their respective industry group. There should still be money invested in a money market fund (the equivalent of cash) as well as some in fixed income.
On the flip side, a diversified portfolio is unlikely to outperform the market by a big margin for exactly the same reason.

Portfolio ? Age relationship.
Your age will help you determine what is a good mix / portfolio is

Age

Portfolio

below 30

80% in stocks or mutual funds
10% in cash
10% in fixed income

30 t0 40

70% in stocks or mutual funds
10% in cash
20% in fixed income

40 to 50

60% in stocks or mutual funds
10% in cash
30% in fixed income

50 to 60

50% in stocks or mutual funds
10% in cash
40% in fixed income

above 60

40% in stocks or mutual funds
10% in cash
50% in fixed income
These aren't hard and fast allocations, just guidelines to get you thinking about how your portfolio should look. Your risk profile will give you more equities or more fixed income depending on your aggressive or conservative bias. However, it's important to always have some equities in your portfolio (or equity funds) no matter what your age. If inflation roars back, this will be the portion of your investments that protects you from the damage, not your fixed income.
Also, the fixed income of your portfolio should be diversified. If you buy bonds and debentures directly or if you invest in FDs, then make sure you have at least five different maturities to spread out the interest rate risk.
Diversifying in equities and bonds means more than buying a number of positions. Each position needs to be scrutinized as to how it fits into the stocks or bonds that already are in your portfolio, and how they might be affected by the same event such as higher interest rates, lower fuel prices, etc. Put your portfolio together like a puzzle, adding a piece at a time, each one a little different from the other but achieving a uniform whole once the portfolio is complete.

Review of portfolio
Portfolio Management is an incomplete exercise without a periodic review. Every security should be subject to severe scrutiny and a case made out for its continuation or disposal. The frequency of review will depend on the size, amount involved and the kind of securities held in the portfolio. Spend a bit of time; you'll get a little bit of results. If you spend more time, your results should improve. We would suggest you spend a minimum of one hour a day during normal times while on the days of high volatility, its suggested that the investor monitor the situation closely.

Look analyze and do some adjustinLook at your portfolio and do some adjustments. But don't just sell the losers (or the winners) randomly. There are several consequences of any action whether it's the taxes, the asset allocation, or the timing of the transaction. Here are a few things to consider.
If you liked a stock because of its earnings and it continues to deliver, hang on even if the price has not moved up. It will because earnings are the engine of any stock's price. As always, patience is heavily rewarded in the market because it is the rarest commodity.
As for selling a stock and then thinking you can buy it back after some days. There are two problems with that type of thinking. One, you generate two rounds of commissions (sell, then buy) and two, you may not get to buy the stock back at a decent price because the stock might have run dramatically in the month you did not own it. If you sell a stock, do it with finality and move on. Don't try to time the market. No one can do that with perfection.

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